National Sickle Cell Awareness Month

National Sickle Cell Awareness Month is an annual observance dedicated to raising public awareness about sickle cell anemia, a serious and often misunderstood disease. Throughout September, organizations across the country host events and activities to educate the public and promote research into improved treatments.

History

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that causes red blood cells to become sickle-shaped, which can block blood flow in small vessels and lead to severe pain and other dangerous symptoms. The disease was first identified in 1910 when Dr. Ernest Irons noticed the abnormal shape of red blood cells in Walter Clement Noel, a medical student from Grenada. The term “sickle cells” was first published in the medical journal Internal Medicine in the case report describing this discovery.

By the 1940s, researchers had established the genetic basis of the disease. In the mid-20th century, it was found that patients with sickle cell anemia had altered hemoglobin structures. By 1970, advances in treatment began to improve life expectancy for those with the disease. The National Association for Sickle Cell Disease launched an awareness campaign in 1975 to inform the public about sickle cell anemia, its symptoms, causes, and treatments. This campaign led to the official launch of National Sickle Cell Awareness Month in 1976, which was formally recognized by the U.S. government in 1983.

Interesting Facts

• African Americans are disproportionately affected by sickle cell anemia, but the disease is also commonly diagnosed among Hispanics, South Asians, and individuals of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent.
• Carriers of the sickle cell gene may not always show symptoms, making genetic testing essential for detection.
• Treatment for sickle cell anemia is highly individualized to each patient’s needs.
• With proper medical care and management, 95% of children with sickle cell anemia can live well into adulthood.

How to Take Part

Support National Sickle Cell Awareness Month by participating in events such as educational summits, fundraising campaigns, and online forums organized by advocacy groups. You can also donate blood or contribute funds to research and treatment efforts.

When is National Sickle Cell Awareness Month in 2025?

National Sickle Cell Awareness Month is observed throughout September each year.

Observations